It works by inhibiting action of the prokaryotic 30S ribosome, by binding aminoacyl-tRNA. However, bacteria strains can aquire resistance against tetracycline and its derivates by encoding a resistance operon.
In eukaryotic cells, toxicity may be result of inactivation of mitochondrial 30S ribosomes.
Tetracycline (INN) is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced
by the Streptomyces bacterium, indicated for use against many bacterial
infections. It is commonly used to treat acne. It is sold under
the brand names Sumycin, Terramycin, Tetracyn, and Panmycin, among
others. Follow the directions for using this medicine provided by
your doctor. Take this medicine with a full glass (8 oz./240 ml)
of water. Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking this medicine.
Unless directed otherwise by your doctor, take this medicine 1 hour
before or 2 hours after meals. Take this medicine 2-3 hours before
or after taking any products containing magnesium, aluminum, or
calcium. Some examples include quinapril, didanosine, vitamins/minerals,
antacids, dairy products (e.g., milk or yogurt), calcium-enriched
juice, sucralfate, bismuth subsalicylate, iron, and zinc. These
products bind with tetracycline preventing its full absorption.
Side effects that may occur while taking this medicine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite. If they continue or are bothersome, check with your doctor. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if you experience weight loss, red or blistered skin, vaginal irritation or discharge, headache, joint pain, unusual tiredness, or blurred vision. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience swelling of your hands, legs, face, lips, eyes, throat, or tongue; difficulty swallowing; hoarseness; fever; chest pain; sore tongue; or unusual bleeding or bruising. An allergic reaction to this medicine is unlikely, but seek immediate medical attention if it occurs. Symptoms of an allergic reaction include hives, rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.
If you are undergoing long-term therapy, periodic laboratory evaluation of organ system function, including renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic systems, should be performed.